Trigonometric Ratios


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Trigonometric Ratios

Let us take a right triangle ABC  right angled at B as shown

Here, large angle CAB (or, in brief, angle A ) is an acute angle. Note the position of the side BC with respect to angle A. It faces large angle A. We call it the side opposite to angle A or perpendicular with respect to angle A.. AC is the hypotenuse of the right triangle and the side AB is a part of large angle A, So , we call it the side adjacent to angle A or base with respect to angle A

Note that the position of sides change when you consider angle C in place of A

We now define certain ratios involving the sides of a right triangle, and call them trigonometric ratios.

The trigonometric ratios of the angle A in right triangle ABC are defined as follows:

  sine ;of;angle A=sin;A= frac{side; opposite;to; angle; A }{hypotenuse}=frac{BC}{AC}

 cosine; of;angle A=cos;A=frac{side;adjacent; to; angle; A}{hypotenuse}=frac{AB}{AC}

tangent; of ;angle A=tan;A=frac{side;opposite; to; angle;A }{side;adjacent;to;angle;A}=frac{BC}{AB}

Illustration: ABC is a right angled triangle.If AB = 3 cm, BC= 4 cm and CA  = 5 cm and angle;A= theta. ;Find; sintheta..

Solution: In the figure we have a right angled triangle ABC right angled at B and we know that by the definition

sin;theta.=frac{ Opposite }{Hypotenus}

Side opposite to angle A is BC

Hypotenuse is AC as side AC is opposite to angle B which is 90^0

BC= 4 cm

AC = 5 cm

sin;theta.=frac{ BC }{AC}=frac{4}{5}

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

ABC is a right angled triangle.If AB = 21cm, BC= 20cm and CA=29 cm and large angle;A= theta. ;Find; tan;theta..

Right Option : B
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Explanation
Question : 2

ABC is a right angled triangle.If AB = 21cm, BC= 20cm and CA  = 29cm and angle;A= theta. ;Find; cos;theta..

Right Option : D
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Explanation
Question : 3

If  sin: : A:cos: : A=4:7, then the value of  frac {7: : sin: : A-3: : cos: : A}{7: : sin: : A+2: : cos: : A} is

Right Option : D
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Explanation
 
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